Does mere registration of a case under the POCSO Act by itself prove the allegation true or defeat a parent's claim to custody?
Coram: Justice J.B. Pardiwala · Justice K. V. Viswanathan
Mere registration of a case under the POCSO Act does not by itself prove the allegation true or defeat a parent's claim to custody.
No. An inference that the allegation is true does not arise merely because a case under the POCSO Act has been registered, and such registration must not become a ruse defeating a parent's legitimate custody or guardianship claim. On a case-to-case basis, on the material including that collected by the investigating agency, the court concerned must form its own prima facie view on whether the allegations are baseless.
Protection of Children from Sexual Offences Act, 2012 — s.22 — s.33 — Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita, 2023 — s.35 — False allegations in matrimonial disputes — Arrest safeguard — Protection of Children from Sexual Offences Act, 2012 — s.35 BNSS — Arrest safeguard — Expert evaluation — Held: Where an offence under the POCSO Act is alleged against a parent living with the child where a matrimonial dispute exists between the parents, the investigating officer must engage a child psychiatry or psychology expert to evaluate the child before forming "reason to believe" for arrest under Section 35 of the BNSS. (¶48, 60) Protection of Children from Sexual Offences Act, 2012 — s.33 — Special Court cognizance — Same safeguard — Held further: The same safeguard applies where a Special Court is deciding whether to take cognizance of a private complaint under Section 33 of the POCSO Act in like circumstances. (¶64, 70) Protection of Children from Sexual Offences Act, 2012 — Custody proceedings — Registration not proof — Held further: Mere registration of a case under the POCSO Act does not by itself prove the allegation true or defeat a parent's legitimate claim to custody; the court must independently assess whether the allegation is baseless. FIR quashed as an abuse of process; legal custody of the child to rest with Father-'R'. (¶76, 79)
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