Does the linear acquisition exception cover formation of a new link road and bridge, not just widening of an existing road?

Yes. The attempt to narrow the linear acquisition exception to mere widening of existing roads, excluding formation of a new link road, cuts no ice. Whether widening a lane or laying down a brand-new link road over a canal, the nature of the project remains structurally linear, since the entire acquired path is consumed by the public infrastructure.

Tamil Nadu Highways Act, 2001 — Land acquisition — Compensation — Development charges — Theory of deduction — Linear acquisition exception — Land Acquisition Act, 1894 — s.23 — Right to Fair Compensation and Transparency in Land Acquisition, Rehabilitation and Resettlement Act, 2013 — s.26 — Article 226 of the Constitution of India — Writ jurisdiction — Alternative remedy — Land Acquisition Act, 1894 — s.23 — Theory of deduction — Inapplicable to linear road and bridge acquisition — Held: The theory of deduction for development charges applies only where land is acquired for spatial development such as housing colonies or industrial layouts requiring internal roads, parks and civic amenities to be carved out. Where land is acquired for a linear road and bridge project, the entire acquired strip is itself consumed by the public infrastructure and no deduction for development charges is permissible. (¶7, 10) Tamil Nadu Highways Act, 2001 — Linear acquisition — Widening versus formation of new link road — No distinction — Held further: The linear acquisition exception is not confined to widening of an existing road; formation of a new link road and bridge is equally linear in character since the entire acquired path is consumed by the infrastructure project. The attempt to narrow the exception to mere widening cuts no ice. (¶11) Constitution of India — Article 226 — Writ jurisdiction — Alternative statutory remedy no bar to unauthorized deduction — Held further: The availability of a statutory reference mechanism does not oust writ jurisdiction where the State has committed a patent error of law by making an unauthorized deduction, particularly where the baseline market value is undisputed and only the legality of the deduction is in issue. Relegating landowners to a reference court in such circumstances would occasion a miscarriage of justice. (¶14) Tamil Nadu Highways Act, 2001 — Compensation — 33.33% deduction unsustainable — Full and fair compensation — Held further: Constitutional equity demands that citizens surrendering property for a linear road and bridge project receive full, undiminished and fair compensation; a one-third deduction towards development charges in such acquisition is wholly unsustainable in law. Writ appeals dismissed and the Single Judge's order affirmed, with the appellants directed to refund the deducted 33.33% within four weeks. (¶15)

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