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Madras High Court· 08 September 2026

Is the prohibited distance of a liquor outlet from a highway reckoned as the aerial distance, not the distance a vehicle must travel?

Mohanraj v. The Commissioner
WP(MD).19368/2026 · 2026:MHC:3660 · W.P. (MD) No.19368 of 2026
Coram: Justice C.V. Karthikeyan · Justice R.Sakthivel
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Answer

The prohibited distance of a liquor outlet from a highway is reckoned as the aerial distance, not the distance a vehicle must travel.

Yes. The prohibited distance of a liquor outlet from a highway is reckoned as the aerial distance, not the distance a vehicle must travel. It is a settled position that in this context distance means the shortest distance. Here the shop lay 55.7 metres and the proposed club 71 metres from the National Highway as the crow flies, although a vehicle had to travel about 1,400 metres to reach them.

Headnote

Constitution of India — Art.226 — Tamil Nadu Liquor Retail Vending (In Shops and Bars) Rules, 1981 — r.8 — Tamil Nadu Liquor (Licence and Permit) Rules, 1981 — FL-2 licence — Recreation club — Distance from National Highway — Liquor licensing — Distance from a highway — Aerial distance alone is reckoned — Held: In reckoning the distance of a liquor outlet from a highway only the aerial distance is taken; the distance a vehicle or person must actually travel to reach the outlet is insignificant. (¶13) Liquor licensing — Minimum distance — Premises visible from or accessible off a highway — Held further: No licence for the sale of liquor can issue for premises visible from or directly accessible from a National or State Highway, and in local bodies with a population of 20,000 or less the prohibited distance is 220 metres. (¶12) FL-2 licence — Recreation club — Distance guideline applies alike — Held further: Though the guideline speaks of a liquor shop, it governs equally a recreation club applying for an FL-2 licence outside a municipal area. Writ petition allowed; the shop was ordered closed and the licence restrained. (¶14, 15)

Headnote

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In the Court's own words
Paragraph 13Coming to the case on hand, the District Collector's Report and the other materials presented before this Court (mentioned above), would clearly depict that the subject liquor retail vending shop run by TASMAC is situate 55.7 meters from the National Highway and the ninth respondent's recreation club is situated about 71 meters therefrom. The aforesaid distances are the aerial distances. It could also be seen from the report that the distance that needs to be travelled by a vehicle to reach the TASMAC Shop No.10215 or the ninth respondent's proposed recreational club from the National Highway is about 1.4 Kms which is 1400 meters. It is settled legal position that while reckoning distance in the present context, the actual distance that a vehicle / person needs to travel to reach the liquor retail units are insignificant and only the aerial distance is to be taken into consideration [See Judgment of a Co-ordinate Bench of this Court in R.Gopinath -vs- The District Collector, reported in 2016-1-LW-663 for the proposition that, in the present context, distance means the shortest distance. The said Judgment has been followed by two another Co-ordinate Bench of this Court for the same proposition, in their Judgment dated March 17, 2016 made in Narayan - vs- The Chief Secretary, made in W.P. No.7505 of 2013 and Judgment dated February 13, 2017, made in Sakthivel -vs- The State in W.P. (MD) No.2344 of 2017]. As stated above, Hon'ble Supreme Court has held that must be a minimum of 220 meters between the outer edge of Highways and the liquor shop. The aerial distance of the TASMAC Shop No.10215 and the ninth respondent's proposed recreational club from the National Highway being 55.7 meters and 71 meters, their location is not in consonance with the afore-cited Judgment of Hon'ble Supreme Court.
Acts & Sections
Art.226 Constitution of Indiar.8 Tamil Nadu Liquor Retail Vending (In Shops and Bars) Rules, 1981Tamil Nadu Liquor (Licence and Permit) Rules, 1981

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Also decided in this judgment
Can a licence for the sale of liquor be issued for premises visible from or directly accessible from a National or State Highway?Does the minimum distance from a highway laid down for liquor shops apply equally to a recreation club seeking an FL-2 licence?
Plain-language answer prepared by the LexStreak Editorial Desk — verify against the judgment. Source: Madras High Court. Corrections