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Supreme Court of India· 17 February 2025

Under Section 13(1) of the Punjab Value Added Tax Act, 2005, from what point is input tax credit available after the amendment of the first proviso?

STATE OF PUNJAB & ORS. v. TRISHALA ALLOYS PVT. LTD.
2025 INSC 231 · CIVIL APPEAL NO. 2212 OF 2024
Coram: Abhay S. Oka; Ujjal Bhuyan
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Answer

Prior to amendment the first proviso permitted availing of input tax credit in respect of goods which are for sale or are for use in manufacture. Post amendment, input tax would not be available as a credit unless the goods are sold within the State or are used in the manufacture, processing or packing of taxable goods. In other words, input tax credit would be available on and from the date of further sale or use in manufacture.

Headnote

Punjab Value Added Tax Act, 2005 — s. 13(1) — s. 70 — Punjab VAT Rules, 2005 — r. 21(8) — Input tax credit — Delegated legislation without an enabling provision — Vested right — Punjab VAT Rules, 2005 — r. 21(8) — No enabling provision in the parent Act — Held: On 25.01.2014, when Rule 21(8) was notified, no provision in the Punjab VAT Act empowered the State to confine input tax credit already earned to the reduced rate of tax on the stock in trade. (¶35) Punjab VAT Act, 2005 — s. 13(1) — Statutory sanction required to reduce a benefit — Held further: The benefit of input tax credit is traceable to the statute; if it is to be reduced, which will have an adverse civil consequence upon the beneficiary, it must have the requisite statutory sanction. (¶41) Punjab VAT Act, 2005 — s. 13(1) — Right accrued on paying tax on the input — Held further: A right accrued to the assessee on the date when he paid the tax on the raw material continues until the facility available thereto gets worked out; a subsequent lowering of the rate cannot reduce that entitlement. (¶36, 37) Punjab VAT Rules, 2005 — r. 21(8) — Effective only from 01.04.2014 — Held further: The statutory sanction came only with the amendment of the first proviso to Section 13(1) on 01.04.2014, so Rule 21(8) cannot be given effect to transactions which already stood concluded prior thereto. Appeals dismissed. (¶36, 42)

In the Court's own words
Paragraph 33The difference in language in the said provision as it stood prior to amendment and post amendment is unmistakable. Prior to amendment, the first proviso permitted availing of input tax credit in respect of goods which are for sale etc. or are for use in manufacture etc. Post amendment, the requirement is that input tax would not be available as a credit unless the goods are sold within the State etc. or are used in the manufacture etc. of taxable goods. Post amendment, it is clear that no input tax would be available unless the goods are sold etc. or used in the manufacture etc. In other words, input tax credit would be available on and from the date of further sale or use in manufacture.
Acts & Sections
r.21(8) Punjab Value Added Tax Rules, 2005s.13(1) Punjab Value Added Tax Act, 2005s.70 Punjab Value Added Tax Act, 2005s.2(o) Punjab Value Added Tax Act, 2005s.14 Central Sales Tax Act, 1956r.57(F) Central Excise Rules, 1944s.19(20) Tamil Nadu Value Added Tax Act, 2006

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Also decided in this judgment
Whether Rule 21(8) of the Punjab Value Added Tax Rules, 2005 could have been introduced during the period between 25.01.2014 to 01.04.2014 when there was no enabling provision in the parent statute?Can input tax credit already earned be reduced by a rule made without a corresponding enabling provision in the parent Act?Does a right to input tax credit accrued on payment of tax on the input survive a later reduction in the rate of tax?
Plain-language answer prepared by the LexStreak Editorial Desk — verify against the judgment. Source: Supreme Court of India. Corrections